If you can find been just one immutable rule through American tv historical past, it has been nearby information. Almost from the moment the station 1st signed on air, they commenced carrying nearby news wherever sports often performed An important role. A lack of regular programming resources in these early decades led numerous stations to turn to sports activities to fill their broadcasting schedules. The big apple's WNBT tv signed on to broadcast in July 1941, and its to start with broadcast was an expert baseball match ("NBC Heritage", 2003). When acquiring local newscasts to fit their audience, these stations generally involved sporting activities and temperature. For example, in 1961 WKMG began its very first entire-time information Section in Orlando. Newscasts incorporate Frank Vaught's athletics stories ("The heritage of," 2003).
Sports activities have held a dominant place in neighborhood news broadcasting for a number of many years, but current business developments have known as into query this position. Segmented audiences, altering demographics, and declining news profitability have compelled the station to reexamine its community athletics section. “Sports is amongst the final areas of Television set where by persons do points the best way they often have,” says tv govt Elliott Wiser. “(Nowadays) a fresh approach is necessary” (Deggans, 2000).
Challenge for Regional TV Information
미국인들에게 뉴스의 주요 제공자로서 텔레비전의 패권을 위협하는 몇 가지 요인이 결합되었습니다. Task for Excellence in Journalism(2002)에서 수행한 연구에 따르면 텔레비전 뉴스 방송이 시청자를 잃고 있습니다. 1998년에는 방송국의 2/three가 지역 뉴스 방송 시청률이 감소했다고 보고했습니다. 2002년까지 그 수치는 76%로 증가했습니다. 2001년 9월 테러 이후에도 지역 뉴스 시청률은 seven% 떨어졌다.
인터넷, 케이블 채널 및 가정용 위성과 같은 미디어 소스의 출현은 시청자에게 뉴스 대안을 제공했습니다. Radio and Television Information Director’s Association(“Changing channels”, 1996)의 연구에 따르면, “대중의 상당 부분이 정기적으로 다른 다양한 소스에 귀를 기울입니다.”
점점 더 많은 방송국이 대형 미디어 회사에 의해 통제됨에 따라 지역 텔레비전 뉴스도 수익 지향적이 되었습니다. 예를 들어, 2002년 첫 몇 주 동안 세 개의 방송국 그룹은 자회사 방송국에서 지역 뉴스를 완전히 제거하기로 결정했습니다(Trigoboff, 2002). Television set 뉴스 컨설턴트인 짐 윌리는 "대혁명이 일어날 것 같다"고 말했다. "같은 시장에서 동시에 4~five개의 뉴스 방송을 해야 합니까?" (Trigoboff, 2002).
Difficulty for Local Tv set Sports
None of the is good news with the neighborhood tv sports activities sector, which is ever more below scrutiny from station execs. Inspite of its regular presence within just nearby newscasts, athletics have lengthy been viewed as a "tuning" aspect. As outlined by a survey with the Radio and tv News Directors Basis, only 31% of viewers said they have been 'pretty interested' in athletics and 32% were being 'fairly intrigued' ("Journalism and Ethics", 1998). This compares to seventy two% who expressed interest inside the weather conditions. "Sports are incredibly polarizing." claimed tv news expert Brent Magid. “The bulk can settle for, go away, or despise” (Greppi, 2002).
Scientific studies have demonstrated that Women of all ages are far considerably less serious about sports than Guys (Gantz and Wenner, 1991; Perse, 1992), and several stations have acted appropriately. In 2000, Tampa's WTSP dropped the Activity from its early night newscasts. Based on station news director Jim Church, "Telling a story when no-one is listening will not be a very good usage of air time" (Deggans, 2000).
Some stations have eliminated the sport, while others have decreased their allotted time. With regards to the working day with the 7 days (weekends have additional sporting activities time), sporting activities segments have traditionally received between three and 5 minutes of local information protection. Now that number is all the way down to 스포츠중계 a few moment. In 2002, Pittsburgh's KDKA Slice enough time for athletics by just 3 as well as a fifty percent minutes for three several hours of stories. Some others from the sector have carried out new ways, including sports tales that concentration additional on men and women than scores or cater into a wider information viewers. "What we're trying to do now could be handle sports as information," claims KDKA news director Al Blinke. “We wish to do a thing over and above sports” (Finder, 2002).
Dialogue
스포츠 부문에서 일어나고 있는 변화는 시간 할당보다 콘텐츠, 스타일 및 프레젠테이션과 더 관련이 있습니다. 아마도 시청자에게 모든 스포츠 네트워크와 대조되는 것을 제공하기 위한 노력의 일환으로, 지역 Tv set 스포츠는 지역 이야기, 운동 선수 및 이벤트에 더 초점을 맞추고 있으며 일반 스포츠 팬을 위해 보다 기능 지향적이고 시청자 친화적인 보도를 만들고 있습니다. 전형적인 반응은 Midwest의 뉴스 디렉터가 “우리는 스포츠가 비스포츠 팬들에게 흥미로웠으면 합니다. 여기서 스포츠는 뉴스이고 커뮤니티입니다. 많은 케이블 스포츠 채널이 제공하는 것과는 반대로 시청자에게 지역 정보를 제공하십시오. 우리만이 현지에 갈 수 있습니다. 그들은 할 수 없습니다.”
지역 텔레비전 스포츠의 미래에 대해 뉴스 감독들은 이 연구에 대해 지금과 가까운 미래의 두 가지 뚜렷한 시간 프레임을 제안하는 더 비관적이었고, 지역 텔레비전 스포츠는 안전해 보이지만 뉴스 감독들은 그것을 매우 짧은 기간에 묶었습니다. 한 뉴스 디렉터는 이렇게 말했습니다. 지금은 하기 싫지만 앞으로는 할 수 있을 것”이라고 말했다.
Implications
Adjustments in local athletics could be a mirrored image on the great upheaval taking place during broadcast information. In case the sports sector is no more Secure, How about other news things? CBS Group Information Vp Joel Cheatwood (Trigoboff, 2002) explained, “[All this] forces us to reexamine the [news] product.”
On a more fast level, alterations in the community sports sector right affect 1000s of aspiring sportscasters. Stations which have been lowering their determination to sports will also be reducing their sports activities workforce degrees, which impacts the job current market. Another news director explained, "[Sporting activities on newscasts] is dying." “We went from two full-time sportsmen to 1 whole-time, one in control of the news 3 times each week, and it was a fight to stay there.”
Equally critical, variations in the way sports activities are offered are forcing athletics broadcasters to know new methods. No longer can sportscasters concentrate on scoring. They've got for making the presentation extra partaking for normal fans. This really is also crucial for journalism educational institutions across the nation, which should doc what stations want from the sporting activities sector and update their schooling curricula.
Will these variations work or persist? Sports journalist Chuck Finder (2002) commented on the change in KDKA, “Enable’s reserve remaining judgment until September, in the event the Steelers, college, and highschool soccer seasons start off in earnest. Then the station might be . There may be an error in clock management.”